Primer and choke



May 5, 1925.

c. 5. REDDIG PRIMER AND CHOKE 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Oct. 19 1921.

f/idrfzri by K wry C. E. REDDIG PRIMER AND CHOKE Filed Oct. 19, 1921 I 2Sheets-Sheet 2 Fig. 4,

May 5,1925. v 1,536,810

,1, llllllllll" m l kiforj' c/zw'zastifmg Patented May 5, 1925. I

;.;umT:DSTATESPATENT F C -q [CHARLES E. REDDIG, 0F RICHMOND-HILL, NEWYORK, ASSIGNOR TO WESTERN ELEC- "rare COMPANY, INCORPORATED,or'nnw'yonx, N. Y., A CORPORATION or NEW PRIMER -AND CHOKE.

Applicationjfiled October 19, 1921. Serial No. 508,771;

7. 0 allaciwm it may concern: a 7

Be it known that I,v CHARLES E. Rnnnio, ajcitizen of the United States,residing at RiclnnondI-Iill, in the county of Queens, State of; l\ ewYork, have invented certain new. anduseful Improvements in PrimersandgChokes, ;which the followingis a full, clear, concise, .and'exactdescription.

This invention relates to improvement in devices for priming and chokinginternal combustion engines and relates particularly to a single unit wlichservesboth as a primerand choke. I f t a Theobject ofthe inventi0nis,.in general, toprovide means for accurately regulating the amount ofair deliveredto themanifold of an-internalcombustion engine,v and toprovide a simple rugged 'means, whereby ..1raw.fuelmay. be injected inthe manifold forpriining'theengine, a In accordance with the generalfeatures of this invention, the air intake pipe of an internalcombustion-{engine is arranged to deliver air through. an jorifice'in aflat sur- 25 face and the manifold;isarrangedto receive air from anotherorifice in the same flat surface. .In sliding. engagement with the flatsurface is a hollow-cup-like member having 2 orifices, and arrangedsothat -it can be-rotated to effect any degree of registration between itstwo orifices and the orifices leading from the air-intake and totheenginemanifold. In thisway the volume of air deliveredto themanifold, can be regulatedw I v In order -to provide for priming theengine, the rotatable member is provided with separate compartment.having anaperture which canbebrought into registration with theorifice-leading to the manifold. An, opening allows raw fuel to bepoured into this separate compartment, from which it runs through theaperture into the mani- "fold.

Referring to the drawings:

Figurel is afragmentary vertical section showing the invention inconnection p in place by a cotter pin 21, serves to keep with an enginecylinder and a special type of electrically regulated.carburetor.,Figure 2 is a topfplan view, partially in section, showing thecarburetor regulator with the cover removed.

Figure 3 is a side elevation of a prime "mover dynamo plant in which theprime position for priming purposes.

' needle valve mover is an internal combustion engine equipped with thepresent invent on, and showing the relative position ofthecarburetorregulator, the intake manifold and the L combined primerand choke.

F ig. 4 is a fragmentary elevation showing the combined primer and chokedevice. Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional View of the primer and chokedevice in position for air regulation.

Fig. (iisa vertical sectional view of the combined primer and chokemechanism in Referring now to the drawings in detail, an internal,combustion engine cylinder 1,

- having heat radiating flanges 2 (Fig. 1)]is provided with an overheadvalve 3.-tlirough, which an explosive charge is admitted." An intakemanifold 41, having communication with the valve chamber has aconstricted neck portion 5. Integral with said manifold and locatedabove said constricted neck portion is a valve housing 6 containing a Ithreaded so that it may be. adjusted by rotation within said housing. Ahelicalspring 9 rests upon said housing, serving'as'africtionalresistance to holdthe valve in placei Beyond the opening ofthe needle valve and located in a wider portion of the manifold 1,. is abutterfly valve. 10, rotatably mounted upon a ball-bearing pivot-{11, sothatit may be easilyrotated to anyangle desired. The butterfly valve issecured to a e ste1n12, which is an extension of the axis of anelectromagnetic regulator,13.- v Accurate achustmentofthe amount of airoassin throu 'h an air assa 'e;14= lead the intake manifold l- ,Ahelical spring 19 compressed by a washer 20, which is held the'cup 17fluslragainst the walls of the intake manifold i. v v

The end 22 ofthe intake manifold 4 beyond the butterfly valve 10 isopen, as is the adjacent side 23 0f anair chamber 16 which "is incommunication with the upper end of the stem 8 v of which is the airpassage 14 (Figs. 5 and 6). The combined priming and choke cup 17, comprising an'annular rounded chamber 63 and a base portion 64, is pressedagainst the end of the manifold 4 and the side of the chamber 16 by thespring 19 so as to cover both of the openings and 23. The base 64 of thecup 17 is provided with two diametrically opposite openings and 25,which are equal in diameter to the openings 22 and 23. By rotating thecup 17, the openings 24 and may be brought into partial or total registration with the end of the manifold 4,

and the side 3 of the chamber 16, thus pern'iitting air to pass from thechamber 16, through the annular chamber (53 of the priming cup 17; andinto the manifold 4. The outer surface of the cup 17 has integraltherewith'two lugs 26 and 27 located at an angle of approximately 90from each other which engage a flange 28 of the electromag neticregulator casing 13, which lugs serve to limit the rotation of the cup17 to a one quarter turn in each direction. The face of the cup betweenthe lugs 26 and 27 is graduated for accurately regulating the amounts ofair passing therethrough.

The interior of the cup 17 is provided with a partition 31, which formsa separate chamber 66 within the cup for priming purposes. The primingcharge is introduced through a hole (Fig. 4) located between the lugs 26and 27, and is permitted to pass into the intake manifold through asmall orifice 32in the base 64 of the cup 17.

Electromagnetic control of the needle valve 7 andthe butterfly valve 10is obtained by the action of regulator 13. The regulator 13 is containedwithin a housing, the base ('37 of which is made integral with theintake manifold 4. Circular field laminations 37" riveted together at 68and having pole pieces 36, and 37 integral therewith fit into an annularrecess 69 in the base 67. Surrounding the laminations 37 is a splitcylindrical shell 70 which is clamped to the field lan'iinations 37 bymeans of a bolt 71 which passes through 'ears 72 formed integral withthe regulator casing. A cap portion 73 fits securely upon the shell 70.

Regulator field coils 34 and 35. are wound upon the field poles 36 and37respectively. A rotatable armature 38 is mounted on the shaft 12 and issupported by a washer 74 held in place by a cotter pin 75. A nut 40fitted over the threaded end of the axis 12 looks armature 38 againstwasher 74, causing armature 38 and shaft 12 to rotate together. An arm39, integral with the armature 38 is provided with hooks 41 and 42,which serve to hold two helical springs 43 and 44, respectively. Thesprings 43 and 44, which serve to retard the motion of the armature 38are rigidly held at their opposite ends by ears 45 and 46 integral withthe regulator through the needle valve 7.

casing 13. Adjustable threaded lugs 46 and 47 are fitted into theregulator casing 13 and engage lugs 147 and 48 respectively, which areintegral with the armature 3S, limiting the motion of the armature toabout 30. A second arm 49 mounted on a pivot 50 is connected with thebifurcated end of the arm 35) through a pin (57 and is rotated therebythrough an angle equal to that through which arm 39 is free to move. Theneedle valve stem 8 is attached to the arm 49 and is rotated in responseto movements of the regulator. The needle valve 7 is made adjustablerelative to the arm 49 by means of a serrated knob 58 which is attachedto the upper portion of the stem 8 and is kept from rotation by means ofa lug 51, which is fitted into a recess 52 in the arm 49, and kept inengagement with arm 50 by means of a compression spring 53. The axis, orstem, 12 of the regulator 13 extends through intake manifold 4 where thebutterfly valve 10 is attached for rotation therewith.

The coils 34 and are energized through a cable leading from an electricdynamo (58 (Fig. 3), which is driven by the prime mover, and areresponsive to the voltage of the dynamo circuit. An increase in voltagein the dynamo circuit causes the arn'iature 38 to turn against theaction of the springs 43 and 44, closing the butterfly valve 10 andlimiting the amount of fuel which is permitted to pass through theneedle valve 7; whereas a decrease in voltage, such as occurs when anumber of translating devices are addedto the dynamo circuit, permitsthe springs 43 and 44 to contract, turning the armature 38 in aclockwise direction and opening the butterfly valve and simultaneouslypermitting more fuel to pass from a low level tank through a feed pipe57 and 'If the prime mover dynamo system be employed to charge abattery, then the electromagnetic regulator will serve to give thebattery a tapering charge as the back C. M. F. from the batteryincreases and the engine gradually slows down. This method of chargingprolongs the useful life of the battery.

The, improved construction enables the engine cylinder to draw itsentire air supply from the engine crank case 15 and to control theamount of air taken up in this manner by means of the manuallyadjustable choke 1'7 and the automatic air valve 10. The air drawn fromthe crank -a se is warm and more readily forms a combustible mixturewith the fuel. This air also contains unexploded vapors which haveleaked by the piston and these vapors are utilized in forming a newexplosive mixture. In priming, choke 17 permits a small amount of air topass from the atmosphere into the intake manifold through orifice 32together with the priming velocity through the constriction 5, where thedecrease in pressure resulting from the rapid passage of the air causesfuel to be drawn directly from low level fuel tank 56 t0 needle valve7., At no point in lhe fuel feeding system is a ravity reservoir or afloat controlled cham er employed, but the fuel, on the other hand, isfed directly from the low level tank to the mixing chamber.

The fuel rising in supply pipe 57 enters the needle valve casing 6 at apoint 58 and passes through screen 59 before entering the needle valveproper. The screen 59 is placed within a short tube 60 having orifices61,

, through which the fuel is fed. A threaded plug 62 permits the tube .60to be removed, together with the screen 59so that the screen may becleaned. I

Although the invention is disclosed and described in connection with aninternal combustion engine which is employed to drive a dynamo electricmachine, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited inthis respect, but is to be defined solely by the' ed into two chambers,a baseplate having diametrically opposite orifices therein communicating w th one chamber, an mtake manifold having an opening in itsend adjacent said cup, a crank case, an air passage from said crank caseto saidvpriming cup havlng an opening in its end ad acent said cup, saidcup being rotatable'so that the openings therein may be placed inregistration with the openings in said air passage and said manifold.

2. In an internal combustion engine a hol-' low member provided with anorificed surfacewhichis in sliding engagement with second surface havingtwo orifices leading from an air intake pipe, and to the engine manifoldrespectively, said member being rotatable to regulate the amount of airdelivered to the engine 'manifold. 3. In an internal combustion engine,a hollow member provided with a surface in sliding engagement with asecond surface having an orifice leading to the engine cylinder, and apartition dividing said member into an apertured compartment and anorificed con'lpartment, said member being rotatable so as to placeeither of said compartments in communication with the engine cylinder.4. In an internal combustion engine having a manifold, a plane surfacehaving a pair of orifices, the first leading to the engine 'manifold;anair intake pipehaving connection in the crank case of said engine andarranged to deliver air through saidsecond orifice; a shutter havingperforations disposed to register with said orifices and movable forregulating the amount of air de-' livered through said orifices to saidengine manifold and means for indicating the position of said fices.

5. Ina primer for an'interna'l combustion engine having an explosivechamber; a surface having an orifice in communication with said,explosive chamber; another orifice in said surface connected to an airintake pipe; an apertured hollow member for receiving liquid fuel andfor establishing communication with said orifices; said member beingmovable to cause registration between an aperture in said hollow'memberand the first mentioned orifice; whereby the engine may be primed withliquid fuel, means to prevent the movement of said member in onedirection when the hollow member is in mg istry with one of saidorifices for priming said engine, and means to prevent the movement ofsaid member in another direction when the path through the hollow memberand the orifices is established.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 13th day ofOctoberA. D., 1921.

CHARLES E. REDDIG.

shutter with respect to said ori--

